The association between dietary acrylamide intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes incidence in the Tehran lipid and glucose study.

This study aimed at investigating the association of acrylamide consumption with the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adults. The 6022 subjects of the Tehran lipid and glucose study participants were selected. The acrylamide content of food items were summed and computed cumulatively across follow up surveys. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to estimate the hazards ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of incident T2D. This study was done on men and women, respectively aged 41.5 ± 14.1 and 39.2 ± 13.0 years. The mean ± SD of dietary acrylamide intake was 57.0 ± 46.8 µg/day. Acrylamide intake was not associated with the incidence of T2D after adjusting for confounding variables. In women, a higher acrylamide intake was positively associated with T2D [HR (CI) for Q4: 1.13 (1.01-1.27), P trend: 0.03] after adjusting for confounding factors. Our results demonstrated that dietary intake of acrylamide was associated with an increased risk of T2D in women.

Meat Food Group Intakes and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Incidence.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the association of meats and their substitute food group intakes, including nuts, eggs, and legumes, with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: For this secondary analysis, we selected eligible adults (n = 6,112) from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study participants with a median follow-up of 6.63 years. Expert nutritionists assessed dietary intakes using a valid and reliable semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Biochemical and anthropometric variables were assessed at baseline and follow-up examinations. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models to estimate the new onset of T2D concerning meats and their substitute food groups. Results: We performed this study on 2,749 men and 3,363 women, aged 41.4 ± 14.2 and 39.1 ± 13.1 years, respectively. The number of participants with incident T2D was 549. After adjusting for confounders, legume [HR: 1, 0.74 (0.58-0.94), 0.69 (0.54-0.90), 0.65 (0.50-0.84), P-trend = 0.01)] was inversely associated with incident T2D. Fish intake [HR: 1, 1.0 (0.79-1.27), 1.17 (0.91-1.50), 1.14 (0.89-1.45), P-trend = 0.01)] was positively associated with incident T2D. In subjects who reported poultry consumption of 36.4-72.8 g/day, a positive association [HR: 1.33 (1.03-1.71)] between poultry intake and T2D risk was observed. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that a diet rich in legumes significantly reduced the risk of T2D incidence, while a diet high in poultry increased the risk of T2D incidence, probably due to high-temperature cooking methods and environmental contaminants.